Islam is a monotheistic religion that teaches belief in one God (Allah) and follows the guidance revealed to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ through the Qur’an, the holy book of Islam. It is the second-largest religion in the world, with over 1.9 billion followers, known as Muslims.
Core Beliefs of Islam
- Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) – Belief in the absolute oneness of Allah, who has no partners, children, or equals.
- Prophethood (Risalah) – Belief that Allah sent messengers (prophets) to guide humanity, with Muhammad ﷺ being the final prophet.
- Books of Revelation – Belief in divine scriptures revealed to various prophets, including the Qur’an (revealed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ), Torah (Tawrat), Psalms (Zabur), and Gospel (Injeel).
- Angels (Mala’ika) – Belief in the existence of angels, created by Allah, who carry out His commands.
- Day of Judgment (Akhirah) – Belief in life after death, resurrection, and the final judgment by Allah.
- Divine Decree (Qadr) – Belief in Allah’s ultimate knowledge and control over everything, while humans still have free will.
The Five Pillars of Islam (Arkan al-Islam)
These are the fundamental acts of worship and practice in Islam:
- Shahada (Faith) – The testimony of faith:
“La ilaha illallah, Muhammadur Rasulullah”
(“There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His Messenger”). - Salah (Prayer) – Performing the five daily prayers (Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha).
- Zakat (Charity) – Giving a portion of wealth (2.5% of savings) to help the poor and needy.
- Sawm (Fasting in Ramadan) – Abstaining from food, drink, and sins from dawn to sunset in the month of Ramadan.
- Hajj (Pilgrimage to Makkah) – Performing the pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in a lifetime (if physically and financially able).
Islamic Way of Life
Islam is not just a religion but a complete way of life, guiding personal behavior, social interactions, business ethics, and governance. It emphasizes:
- Honesty, kindness, justice, and patience.
- Modesty and humility in speech and actions.
- Respecting parents, neighbors, and the community.
- Avoiding sinful activities like lying, stealing, and harming others.
Holy Book of Islam: The Qur’an
The Qur’an is the final revelation from Allah, sent to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ through Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). It is written in Arabic and serves as the ultimate guidance for all aspects of life.
Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is the final messenger of Allah, born in Makkah (570 CE). He received revelation at the age of 40 and spent 23 years preaching Islam. His teachings and actions (Sunnah) are preserved in Hadith collections.
Islam and Other Religions
Islam teaches peace, tolerance, and respect for people of other faiths. It recognizes Jesus (Isa عليه السلام), Moses (Musa عليه السلام), Abraham (Ibrahim عليه السلام), and other prophets as messengers of Allah.
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